You can convert SSL certificates to and from a variety of formats using our SSL Converter, including pem, der, p7b, and pfx, among others. SSL certificates need to be converted to the appropriate format before they can be used on multiple systems and devices.
For instance, a Windows server will export and import files with the extension.pfx, while an Apache server will use individual PEM files (.crt and.cer extensions). To use the SSL Converter, you only need to select the certificate file you wish to convert as well as the type of certificate it currently is (the program will attempt to determine the type based on the extension of the file).
After making these selections, click the Convert Certificate button. See the following for details on the various types of SSL certificates as well as instructions on how to use OpenSSL to convert certificates on your own personal computer.
Certificates are typically issued in PEM format because it is the most widely used format among Certificate Authorities. PEM certificates typically have extensions like.pem,.crt,.cer, and.key at the end of their filenames.
They are ASCII files that have been encoded with Base64, and they contain statements that begin with "——-BEGIN CERTIFICATE——-" and end with "——-END CERTIFICATE——-." PEM files can be used to store server certificates, intermediate certificates, as well as private keys and other related information.
Certificates are stored in PEM format on Apache and other servers of a similar nature. It is possible to include multiple PEM certificates and even the private key in a single file by placing them one below the other; however, the majority of systems, including Apache, anticipate that the certificates and private key will be located in different files.
The Format of DER
In contrast to the PEM format, which stores certificates in ASCII characters, the DER format stores certificates in binary. The only way to differentiate between a DER.cer file and a PEM.cer file is to open the file in a text editor and search for the BEGIN and END statements.
The file may have either the.der or the.cer file extension, depending on the circumstances. The DER format allows for the encoding of any and all sorts of certificates and private keys. Java-based platforms are the most common environment in which DER is employed.
The DER file format is the only one that the SSL Converter can convert certificates to. Please use the OpenSSL commands that are provided on this page if you need to convert a private key to DER format.
The Format of PKCS#7 and P7B
The PKCS#7 or P7B format is often saved in Base64 ASCII format, and its associated files can be saved with either the.p7b or.p7c file extension. P7B certificates have statements that begin with "——-BEGIN PKCS7-----" and end with "——-END PKCS7-----."
Certificates and chain certificates are the only things that may be found in a P7B file; the private key is not included. P7B files are supported by multiple systems, including Microsoft Windows and Java Tomcat, amongst others.
PKCS#12/PFX Format
The PFX format, also known as the PKCS#12 format, is a binary format that can store the private key, the server certificate, and any intermediate certificates in a single file that can be encrypted. PFX files typically contain extensions like.pfx and.p12 after their names. On Windows computers, the import and export of certificates and private keys are commonly handled through the utilization of PFX files.
OpenSSL will combine all of the certificates and the private key into a single file when it converts a PFX file to PEM format. You will need to open the file in a text editor and then copy each certificate and private key (including the BEGIN and END statements) to their own independent text files. Then, you will need to save these files under the names certificate.cer, CACert.cer, and privateKey.key, respectively.
Commands for OpenSSL that Allow You to Convert SSL Certificates on Your System
It is strongly suggested that you use OpenSSL on your own computer in order to convert to and from.pfx files. This will allow you to safely store the private key on your workstation. On your local workstation, you can convert SSL certificates to a variety of formats by executing the following OpenSSL commands:
OpenSSL Convert PEM
Change the format of PEM to DER.
openssl x509 -outform der -in certificate.pem -out certificate.der
Change the format of PEM to P7B.
openssl crl2pkcs7 -nocrl -certfile certificate.cer -out certificate.p7b -certfile CACert.cer
Convert PEM files to PFX format.
openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt
OpenSSL Convert DER
Transform DER into PEM format.
openssl x509 -inform der -in certificate.cer -out certificate.pem
OpenSSL Convert P7B
Change P7B to PEM format.
openssl pkcs7 -print certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer [openssl pkcs7 -print certs -in certificate.p7b -out
Change P7B to PFX format.
openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.cer -inkey privateKey.key -out certificate.pfx -certfile CACert.cer openssl pkcs7 -print certs -in certificate.p7b -out certificate.cer openssl pkcs12 -export -in certificate.cer -inkey privateKey.key -out certificate.pfx -
OpenSSL Convert PFX
Change the PFX format to PEM.
runs the openssl pkcs12 command with the following options: -in certificate.pfx -out certificate.cer -nodes
It is recommended that you generate a fresh private key and certificates if you need to convert a Java Keystore file to a different format; nonetheless, it is possible to convert a Java Keystore to PEM format.
Additional Details Regarding the SSL Converter
SSL Converter More Information
This tool's purpose is to offer a web-based graphical user interface for doing the fundamental x509v3 certificate conversion tasks.
PEM TO PKCS#12
PEM TO PKCS#7
PKCS#12 TO PEM
PKCS#7 TO PEM
PKCS#7 TO PKCS#12
Converter
This tool's purpose is to offer a web-based graphical user interface for doing the fundamental x509v3 certificate conversion tasks.
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